Machine for drawing and shaping hollow metal articles.



"R. H. HACKNEY. MACHINE FOR DRAWING AND SHAPING HOLLOW METAL ARTIGLBS. APPLICATION FILED IEB.14,1910. V 1,011, 1 93. Patented Dec. 12,1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

11. H. 1111111111311. MACHINE FOR DRAWING AND SHAPING HOLLOW METAL ARTICLES.

v APPLICATION-FILED 3311.14; 1910 I 1,011,193., Patented B91112, 1911.

1 2 SEEBTS-SHEET 2.

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ROBIEB'DH. HAQKNEY, 0F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR T0 PRESSED STEEL TANK COMPANY, OF WEST ALLI S, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF WISCONSIN.

.MACHINE FOR DRAWING AND SHAPING HOLLOW METAL ARTICLES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 12, 1911..

Application filed February 14, 1910. Serial No. 543,728.

Articles, of which the following is-a specifiC8'ifl01], I(-.fQlPDCG being had to the accompanying drawing, forming a part thereof.

This invention relates more particularly to means for drawing and shaping tapered vessels or other hollow articles made of metal, such as bilged barrels and the like( Its mainobjectsare to facilitate and improve the manufacture of such articles.

It consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of parts as hereinafter particularly described and defined in the claims. 7

In the accompanying drawing like characters designate the same parts -in the several figures.

Figure 1 is a vertical section on the line 1 1-, Fig. 2, of a machine embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a horizontal cross section on the line 2 2, Fig. 1, showing the die member; Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line 3 3, Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a similar section .on the line 4 4, Fig. 1, of the punch member; Fig. 5 isa lower end elevation or,

inverted plan view of the punch member;

Figs. (3 and 7 are sectional views similar to Fig. 1 illustrating the operation of the by such changes in the shape of. the punchsections and dies, and such modifications in the construction and arrangement of the pa set the machine'as will be apparent. to those skilled in the art to which it pertains,

it may be adapted to produce from sheet metal by drawing and pressing operations like or smnlar to those employed 1n the mannfzurture of barrels; other hollow taper i'ng articles of various shapes for various purposes.

Referring to the drawing, the machine The invention, however, is.

comprises a contractile punch member a and an expansible die member Z), arranged coaxially with relation to the punch member. The die member consists in the present case of a stationary ring 0, which may be mounted as shown in l -ig. 1, on posts or standards (I, and a series of radially movable dies or sections e surrounding the axis of the machine and guided in an internal annular recess in said ring. being held in place therein by a cap ring f. The ring 0 is provided with a series of'radially arranged hydraulic cylinders y and in these cvlinders are fitted plungers 7b, the. inner ends oi whicli engage with or abut against the dies Bridge blocks or dies 2' inserted between the several dies 0 and movably fitting into recesses in the adjoining ends thcreoi flush with their inner working faces, span and partially close the. gaps between said dics and form therewith a continuous draw lino. zone or face when the. dies are 'movcd outward and separated more or less.

The dies c and blocks {as shown by Fig 2 have their inner working laces curved or shaped circumtcrcntially of the die member to correspond as ncarl as possible with the varying cross-sectional shape of the punch member (7-. As shown in Fig. 8'. a portion of such working faces above and below the lower sides of the blocks '1' is made straight or parallel with the axis of the machine. and forms the continuous draw line, zone or face above mentioned. whichis of variable diameter. Above this draw line. zone or face, both the dies 0 and blocks i are rounded or beveled outwardly to present a flaring opening in. the die member .toward thc punch member. and they are of the dic member and crim )S or folds forced into said gaps in thc 't'ormationof an article on the punch member. are pressed down smooth as they pass the straight draw face. below the gaps.

As shown in Fig. 2 the blocks'i are provided on their outer sides with studs or projections .j which enter transverse grooves in the dies and hold said blocks in their proper positions relative thereto when the dies are moved outwardly and separated. The cylinders g are supplied with liquid under the requisite head or pressure through radial passages I formed in the ring (2 and connected at their outer ends by branchcsl with a pipe mencircling said ring. The pipe m is in turn connected by a pipe a with a pump or reservoir.

The punch member (1 consists in the present case of a tapering expanding core 7), and of a number of radially movable sections 9 connected at their ends by bolts 7' with radially slotted plates or heads a and t. The core is attached at its upper end to a flanged head a which is in turn connected with the rod or an extension of the piston 'v. This piston is fitted in,.a vertical hydraulic cylinder in which is mounted coaxially with relation to the die 5 on a plate a: connected by tie rods y with the die ring a, the piston rod or extension passing downwardly through a central opening and stufiing box in said plate. The upper guide plate or head a of the punch member is formed or provided with an upwardly projecting cylindricalextension movably fittiiu over the flange of the head u and provided at its upper end with an inwardlyprojecting stop ring or flange z,which by engagement with the outwardly projecting flange on the head u limits the downward movementof the punch sections q relative to the core 72.

Upon the upper head or plate 8 is mov ably fitted a pressure ring 2, which is formed or provided at its upper end with an outwardly projecting flange to which is attached parallel with its axis, the plungers 3 of hydraulic cylinders 4, these cylinders being movably connected with said flange, as shown in Figs. 3 and 6, but guide rods 5, which, passing loosely through ears or flanges on; opposite sides of the cylinders, are secured at their lower ends in the flange of said pressure ring and are formed or provided at their upper ends with heads or stops 6 for limiting the movement of the cylinders away from said ring when the head or plate 5 and said ring are dropped into their lower positions relative to the core 2 and head a, as shown in Fig. 7 The head i u is connected with the rod or extension of piston r by a coupling nut or collar 7, provided with an outwardly projecting ring or flange 8 against which the upper ends of the cylinders at abut when they are brought into action with the plungcrs 3, to press the ring 2 downwardly toward the dies 'lhe cyl inders a are supplied with liquid under thev requisite head or pressure through an annular pipe 5) connected with their upper ends and a flexible or jointed pipe 10 connecting the pipe with a reservoir or pump. The

pressure ring 2 is formed adjacent to its upper end with an inwardly projecting shoulder 11, which by engagement with an outwardly projecting shoulder 12 on the upward extension of the head or plate 5, limits the downward movement of said ring rela--' tive to said head or plate. The cylinder to is supplied with liquid under the requisite head or pressure, from a pump or reservoir, through connections 13 and it at or near its ends. .l j v To prevent c'ontractionof the punch member, particularly when the dies 6 are prosing against the upper part thegeot and thus tend to force the sections 9 downward on the tapering core 7), means are provided such for example, as an electromagnet 15, shown in Fig. 1, to hold the head or plate a up against the head. a while said punch member is being forced downward through the die member o The magnet coil may be insorted in an annular recess formed in the baud a, which will thus serve as a core and housing therefor, and arranged as shown, to act when energized upon the head or plate a as its armature.

In the operation of the machine, a cupped sheet metal blank is placed on'th'c dies 0 directly below the punch member a, the dies 6 being thrust inward and held with yielding pressure against outward movement by the admission of liquid under the requisite head or pressure into the outer ends of the cylinders g. The punch being inits upper position, as shown in Fig. 1, and collapsed, as shown in Fig. 7, liquid is released from the lower end of the cylinder w through the connectionl and admitted under the requisite head or pressure into the upper end of said cylinder through the connection 13, thereby forcing the punch downward into and against the cupped blank resting on the dies 6. Then the head or late It is brought into engagement with the lank the advance of the punch sections q is arrested and they are thrust outward into expanded position, as

shown in Fig. 1, by the continued downward movement of the tapering core 7). As the expanded punch is forced with the blank downward through the die member I. the metal of the blank is pressed and drawn into shape against the tapering punch by the joint action of the punch sections 0 and of the dies (2, which gradually recedo as the diameter of the punch,increases. After the central and larger partof the punch has passed below the dies 0, said dies, 'lorr-ed in-' ward by the fluid pressure on the plungers h, gradually draw the metal of the blank i'uward against the punch asit diminishes in diameter. holds the head or. plate 5 up against the head 7/ and prevents the punch sections from being forced inward during 'the foregoing operation. As the 'upper and inwardly curved or tapering portion of the punch The magpet 1:") being energized. '9

1nwardly and contracted, the metal of the blank above the-dies is prevented from buckling and wrinkling by the pressure ring 2, which is yieldingly held down inside of the blank as shown 'in'Fig. 6, by the admission of liquid under the requisite head or pres sure mto'the. cylinders 4, the upper ends of said-cylinders being seatedagainst the ring or flange 8. "After the pressure ring is brought into action its advance is arrested while the punch continues to move downward, and liquid is forced back out of the cylinders 4 as they move downward on the plungers 3. After the punch has passed completely below the dies 6 and the blank has been shaped into a barrel, current is cut oil from magnet 15, thereby releasing the head or plate a from the head it and permitting the punch sections 9 to descend and move inwardly on the tapering core 79, as shown in Fig. '2'. Liquid under pressure is released from the upper end of the cylinder.

'w and admitted into its lower end, thus withdrawing the piston 21 and the punch back to their upper positions. As the punch passes upwardly through the die members I), the dies 6 being held in their inner positions as shown in F ig. 1,-force the punch sections g inwardly and strip the barrel therefrom,

as shown in Fig. 7. The pressure ring 2 being released. when the punch sections q are released and moved-together, descends on the head or plate 8 to its normal or initial position-With the internal shoulder 11 at its upper end resting on the external shoulder 12 on said head or plate. I

By the term radial or radially as herein employed to describe movements of the dies 5 and punch sections 9 it is intended to include any rectilinear or curved, simple or composite movement of said' dies and punch sections toward or from the axis of the machine. v v

Various changes in the details of construction and arrangement .of parts may be made v to adapt the machine to produce articles of difi'erent shapes and for difler'ent purposes within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

1. In a machine for drawing and shaping hollow metal articles the combination of a punch. member having the form of the article to be shaped thereon, an expansible ie member co-axial with the punch member and comprising a' series of movable dies surrounding the, ax 1s of the machme, means I for yieldingly forcing said dies inward toward said axis, and means for moving one of said members axially with relation to the other.

i 2. In a machine for drawin and shaping hollowmetal articlesthe com ination of a tapering punch member, an expansible die member co-axial with the punch membermembers axially with relation to the other, a

and means for yieldingly forcing said dies inward.

3. ln a machine for drawing and shaping hollow metal articles the combination of a punch member of varying diameter, an expansible die member comprising a series of radially movable dies forming co-axially with the punch member a continuous draw line of variable diameter and presenting a flaring opening toward the punch member, means for moving one member axially with relation to the other, and means adapted to press said dies inward against an article on theflprmch and permit them to yield outwardly as one member is moved relative to the other and the diameter of the punch -me mber varies.

4. In a machine for drawing and shaping hollow metal articles the combination of a punch member of varying diameter, an expansible die member presenting a flaring opening toward the punch member andcomprising a series of radially movable recessed dies and bridge blocks movably fitting into the recesses in said dies flush with their working faces and spanning the gaps between them, said bridge blocks forming with I the dies a continuous draw face of variable diameter when the dies are more or less separated, means for yieldingly pressing said dies and blocks inwardly against an article on said punch member, and means for moving one member axially with relation to the other.

5. l n amachine for drawing nd shaping hollow metal articles the combination of a punch member of varying diameter, an expansible die member presenting a flaring opening toward the punch member and comprising a series of radially movable recessed dies and bridge blocks movably fitting into therecesse's in'said dies flush witb thcir working faces and spanning the gaps be tween them, the working faces of said dies and bridge blocks having a zone extending above and below the lower sides oi. the bridge blocks parallel with the axis of the machine and forming aii-cumfcrcntially continuous draw face when the dies are more or less separated, means for yicldingly press ing said dies and blocks inwardly against an article on said punch member, and means for moving one member axially with relation to the other.

.6. In a machine for drawing and shaping hollow metal articles the combination of' a' tapering punch member, a coaxial die member comprising a series of radially movable dies, means for pressing said dies inward I relation to the other, and an axially yielding pressure ring surrounding said punch member. I

7. In a machine for drawing and shaping hollow metal articles the combination of a contractile tapering punch member comprising radially movable sections and means for moving said sections outward and holding them in working position, an expansible die member comprising a series of radially. movable dies surrounding the axis of the machine, means for forcing said dies inward against an articlev on said punch member and permitting them. to yield outward as one member is moved relative to theother, and means for moving one of said members axially with relation t the other.

In a machine for drawing and shaping hollow metal articles, the combination of a cont-rartile tapering punch member compris ing a series-oi radially movable sections and means for moving said sections outward and holding them in expanded position, a co axial die member comprising a series of radially movable dies having working faces presented toward and substantially parallel.

with its axis, and outwardly rounded or be eled faces adjoining said parallel faces, means for yieldingly pressing and holding said dies against an article on the punch while one member is moved axially relative to the other, and means for moving one of said members axially with relation to the other.

. 9. In a machine for drawing and shaping hollow metal articles the combination of a contractile punch member of varying diameter comprising radially movable sections and means for moving said sections into and holding them in expanded position, a coaxial die member comprising a series of radially movable dies forming a continuous draw line of variable diameter, means for yieldingly pressing and holding said dies against an article on said punch while one member is moved axially relative to the other, and means for moving one member axially with relation to the other.

10. In a machine for drawing and shaping hollow metal articles the combinationot a contractile tapering pun h member comprising radially movable sections and means for moving said sect-ions into and holding them in expanded position. a coaxial die member comprising a series of radially movable (lies, means adapted to yieldiugly press said dies inward against an article on said punch while one member is moved axially relative to the other. means for moving oue otsaid members axially with relation to the other. and an axially yielding pressure ring surrounding said punch.

11". Ina machine for drawing and shaping hollow metal articles the combination of a tapering punch member, a coaxial "die member comprising a series of radially movable dies and presenting a flaring opening toward the punch member, means for yieldingly pressing and holding said dies inward' against anarticle on said punch 'while one member is moved axially relative to the other, and a hydraulic cylinder and piston connected with one of said members and adapted to move the same axially relative to the other.

12. In a machine for drawing and shaping hollow metal articles the combination of a tapering punch member, acoaxial die member comprising a series of radially movable dies and presenting a flaring opening toward the punch member, radially arranged bydraulic cylinders and plnngers adapted to press said dies inward against an article on said punch while one member is moved axially relative to the other, and means for moving one of said members axially relative to the other. i v

13. In a machine for drawing and shaping hollow metal articles the combination of a tapering punch member, a coaxial die member comprising a series of radially movable dies and presenting a flaring opening toward the punch member, means for yieldingly pressing said dies inward againstan article on said punch while one member ismoved axially relative to the other. means l'or mov ing one of saidmembers axially relative to the other, a pressure ring mounted upon and surrounding said punch and movable axially relative thereto, and hydraulic cylinders and pluugers connected with said ring and adapted to yieldingly press the same between the opposing working faces of the dies and punch inside of the article on the punch. I

14. Ina machine for drawing and shaping hollow metal articles the combination of a contractile tapering punch comprising radially movable sections and a tapering core for expanding said sections. a coaxial die member comprising a series of radially movable dies, means for yieldingly pressing said dies inward against an article on said pun-ch while one member is moved axially relative to the otheand means for moving one of said meuibe axially relative to the other.

15. In a machine for drawing and shaping hollow metal articles the combination of a lrvdraulic cylinder and piston, a contractile tapering punch member comprising a tapering core connected with said piston and a series of sections arranged aroundsaid core and movable radially and axially relative thereto, a die member arranged coaxially with relation to the punch member and comprising a series of radially movable dies, and means for yieldingly pressing said dies inward against an article on said punch While one member is moved axially relative to the inward against an other.

member while one member is moved axially 16. In a machine for drawing and shapin relative to the other, and means or movin v hollow metal articles the combination of a one of said members axially relative to the contractile tapering punch member comprisother.

18. In a machine for drawing and shaping hollow metal articles the combination of, to the 0 er, a die member arranged coaxia die ring rovided with a series of radially ally with relation to. the punch member and movable es and with radially arranged comprising a ser1es of radially movable dies hydraulic cylinders, plunger-s fittin in said means for yieldingly pressing said'dies iny against an article on said punch member while one member is moved, axially cylinders and adapted to press sai dies inward, a leitre connected by tie rods with said relative to the other, and means for movin plate coaxially with'relation to sald ring, a one of said members axially relative to the piston fitted in said cylinder and projecting other. through said plate,

a contractile tapering 17. In a machine for drawing and shaping hollow metal a contractile tap I sections fitted to said core,

connecting said sections and with th and guiding heads with one another e core,'an axially movable presa tapering expanding core, and guiding heads connecting the sections at each end thereof around the core, one of said heads opposing abutment on the adapted to y'eldingly press said. ring toward the die mem er.

Ilrwitness whereof I hereto ailix my two witnesses.

signature in presence of ring toward the punch sections, means for holding the punch sections in expanded position on said core, a die member arranged v ROBERT HACKNEY coaxially with relationto thev unch member Witnesses:

an comprising a series of ra ially movable CHAS. L. Goes,

dies, or. E. Goss.

means for yieldingly pressing said der mounted on said 

